Since Tree.meta is property with additional presence check it
introduces unnecessary overhead in accessing underlying Meta
object once it's already initialized. Having local reference to actual
Meta object allows to reduce these presence checks to bare minimum

As discussed in issue #378, when an embedded transformer (that is, one
passed to the Lark class using the transformer argument), is an
inplace transformer (either a subclass of Transformer_InPlace, or with
the @v_args(tree=True) decorator), the in-place transformer was not
working correctly and in-fact Lark used it like a normal non-in-place
transformer, expecting it to return the transformed value.

types of ambiguity.
 - Rewritten along the lines of Elizabeth Scott's parser.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1571066108001497

 - Implement SPPF trees per Elizabeth Scott and Bram van der Sanden's work.
http://www.bramvandersanden.com/post/2014/06/shared-packed-parse-forest/

Related to issue #216

* All exceptions are now under exceptions.py
* UnexpectedInput is now superclass of UnexpectedToken and UnexpectedCharacters,
  all of which support the get_context() and match_examples() methods.

Nearley tool still needs fixing

Anonymous tokens would become visible if they had the same value as named tokens.
That's because they are merged for the lexer. But after this change, the rules for
visibility are based on their use in the rule, and not their name or identity.

* Removed the scanless parsing feature (dynamic lexing is king)
* Default LALR lexer is now contextual