diff --git a/src/include/arch_ref64/arch_intrinsics.h b/src/include/arch_ref64/arch_intrinsics.h
index a1b1a74..4b34ea5 100644
--- a/src/include/arch_ref64/arch_intrinsics.h
+++ b/src/include/arch_ref64/arch_intrinsics.h
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ uint64_t word_is_zero(uint64_t a) {
 }
 
 static __inline__ __attribute((always_inline,unused))
-uint64_t widemul(uint64_t a, uint64_t b) {
+__uint128_t widemul(uint64_t a, uint64_t b) {
     return ((__uint128_t)a) * b; 
 }
 
diff --git a/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.c b/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.c
index 93d03bc..edaa62a 100644
--- a/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.c
+++ b/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 void gf_mul (gf_s *__restrict__ cs, const gf as, const gf bs) {
     const uint32_t *a = as->limb, *b = bs->limb, maske = ((1<<26)-1), masko = ((1<<25)-1);
     
-    uint64_t bh[9];
+    uint32_t bh[9];
     int i,j;
     for (i=0; i<9; i++) bh[i] = b[i+1] * 19;
     
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ void gf_mul (gf_s *__restrict__ cs, const gf as, const gf bs) {
         /* Even case. */
         for (j=0; j<i; /*j+=2*/) {
             accum += widemul(b[i-j], a[j]); j++;
-            accum += widemul(2*b[i-j], a[j]); j++;
+            accum += widemul(b[i-j], 2*a[j]); j++;
         }
         accum += widemul(b[0], a[j]); j++;
-        accum += widemul(2*bh[8], a[j]); j++;
+        accum += widemul(bh[8], 2*a[j]); j++;
         for (; j<10; /* j+=2*/) {
             accum += widemul(bh[i-j+9], a[j]); j++;
-            accum += widemul(2*bh[i-j+9], a[j]); j++;
+            accum += widemul(bh[i-j+9], 2*a[j]); j++;
         }
         c[i] = accum & maske;
         accum >>= 26;
@@ -53,25 +53,22 @@ void gf_mul (gf_s *__restrict__ cs, const gf as, const gf bs) {
 
 void gf_mulw_unsigned (gf_s *__restrict__ cs, const gf as, uint32_t b) {
     const uint32_t *a = as->limb, maske = ((1<<26)-1), masko = ((1<<25)-1);
-    uint32_t blo = b & maske, bhi = b>>26, bhi2 = 2*bhi;
     uint32_t *c = cs->limb;
-    uint64_t accum = 0;
-
-    accum = widemul(blo, a[0]) + widemul(bhi*38,a[9]);
+    uint64_t accum = widemul(b, a[0]);
     c[0] = accum & maske;
     accum >>= 26;
 
-    accum += widemul(blo, a[1]) + widemul(bhi,a[0]);
+    accum += widemul(b, a[1]);
     c[1] = accum & masko;
     accum >>= 25;
 
     for (int i=2; i<10; /*i+=2*/) {
-        accum += widemul(blo, a[i]) + widemul(bhi2, a[i-1]);
+        accum += widemul(b, a[i]);
         c[i] = accum & maske;
         accum >>= 26;
         i++;
 
-        accum += widemul(blo, a[i]) + widemul(bhi, a[i-1]);
+        accum += widemul(b, a[i]);
         c[i] = accum & masko;
         accum >>= 25;
         i++;
diff --git a/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.h b/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.h
index 322de05..d2d0de9 100644
--- a/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.h
+++ b/src/p25519/arch_32/f_impl.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Released under the MIT License.  See LICENSE.txt for license information.
  */
 
-#define GF_HEADROOM 5
+#define GF_HEADROOM 3 /* Would be 5, but 3*19 * 2^26+small is all that fits in a uint32_t */
 #define LIMB(x) (x##ull)&((1ull<<26)-1), (x##ull)>>26
 #define FIELD_LITERAL(a,b,c,d,e) {{LIMB(a),LIMB(b),LIMB(c),LIMB(d),LIMB(e)}}
 
@@ -12,21 +12,20 @@ void gf_add_RAW (gf out, const gf a, const gf b) {
     for (unsigned int i=0; i<10; i++) {
         out->limb[i] = a->limb[i] + b->limb[i];
     }
-    gf_weak_reduce(out);
 }
 
 void gf_sub_RAW (gf out, const gf a, const gf b) {
-    uint32_t coe = ((1ull<<26)-1)*2, coo = ((1ull<<25)-1)*2, co0 = coe-36;
-    for (unsigned int i=0; i<10; i+=2) {
-        out->limb[i] = a->limb[i] - b->limb[i] + ((i==0) ? co0 : coe);
-        out->limb[i+1] = a->limb[i+1] - b->limb[i+1] + coo;
+    for (unsigned int i=0; i<10; i++) {
+        out->limb[i] = a->limb[i] - b->limb[i];
     }
-    gf_weak_reduce(out);
 }
 
 void gf_bias (gf a, int amt) {
-    (void) a;
-    (void) amt;
+    uint32_t coe = ((1ull<<26)-1)*amt, coo = ((1ull<<25)-1)*amt, co0 = coe-18*amt;
+    for (unsigned int i=0; i<10; i+=2) {
+        a->limb[i] += ((i==0) ? co0 : coe);
+        a->limb[i+1] += coo;
+    }
 }
 
 void gf_weak_reduce (gf a) {
diff --git a/src/p25519/arch_ref64/f_impl.h b/src/p25519/arch_ref64/f_impl.h
index 0e9e3ca..61d9e03 100644
--- a/src/p25519/arch_ref64/f_impl.h
+++ b/src/p25519/arch_ref64/f_impl.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Released under the MIT License.  See LICENSE.txt for license information.
  */
 
-#define GF_HEADROOM 933
+#define GF_HEADROOM 9999 /* Always reduced */
 #define FIELD_LITERAL(a,b,c,d,e) {{ a,b,c,d,e }}
 
 #define LIMB_PLACE_VALUE(i) 51